译员客户匹配方式的颠覆：众包平台和人力项目经理的对比

Akiko Sakamoto

doi:10.5565/rev/tradumatica.218

La disrupció en l'encaix entre traductor i client: les plataformes de crowdsourcingpagat enfront dels gestors de projectes humans

Autors/ores

Akiko Sakamoto 朴茨茅斯大学 (University of Portsmouth） https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9120-3089

PDF (EN)

Resum

El model de negoci per subcontractació massiva (crowdsourcing) pagada ha provocat un canvi disruptiu en l'àmbit del reclutament de professionals de la traducció, perquè ofereix als clients sistemes automatitzats basats en algoritmes com a alternativa als serveis tradicionals de gestió de projectes fets per persones. Aquest article analitza les diferències conceptuals/epistemològiques entre tots dos models des del punt de vista de la gestió del coneixement i planteja les seves implicacions en el futur desenvolupament d'aquesta indústria.

Paraules clau

Economia de plataforma, crowdsourcing, encaix traductor-client, gestió de projectes, gestors de projectes, coneixement tàcit.

Referències

AnydooR. (2018). Conyac運営のエニドア、多言語機械学習データ作成サービス「Conyac DATA」での音声データ取り扱いを提供開始 [Conyac's owner anydooR starts voice data supply service on their multilingual machine learning system Conyac Data]. PRTIMES, Last updated: 19.04.18. <https://prtimes.jp/main/html/rd/p/000000012.000006711.html>. [Last accessed on April 19, 2018].

Christensen, C. M. (1997). The Innovator's dilemma: When new technologies cause great firms to fail. Boston, Mass: Harvard Business School.

Collins, H. (1990). Artificial experts: Social knowledge and intelligent machines. Cambridge, Mass: M.I.T.

Diño, G. (2018). uTranslated put out of business by machine translation's sheer convenience. Slator, Last updated: 26.02.18. <https://slator.com/industry-news/utranslated-put-business-machine-translation-sheer-convenience/>. [Last accessed on February 27, 2018].

Flanagan, M. (2016). "Cause for concern? Attitudes towards translation crowdsourcing in professional translators' blogs". JoSTrans: The Journal of Specialised Translation, v. 25 (January), pp. 149–173. <https://www.jostrans.org/issue25/art_flanagan.php>. [Last accessed on February 27, 2018].

Garcia, I. (2015). "Cloud marketplaces: Procurement of translators in the age of social media". JoSTrans: The Journal of Specialised Translation, v. 23 (January), pp. 18–38. <https://www.jostrans.org/issue23/art_garcia.php>. [Last accessed on April 19, 2018].

Garcia, I. (2017). "Translating in the cloud age: Online marketplaces". Hermes: Journal of Language and Communication in Business, v. 56, pp. 59–70. <https://doi.org/10.7146/hjlcb.v0i56.97202>. [Last accessed on April 19, 2018].

Gengo. (s. a.). Gengo: Order online. <https://gengo.com/order/?from=top>. [Last accessed on June 14, 2018].

Hendzel, K. Why translators are promoting premium markets. Last updated: 28.11.14. <http://www.kevinhendzel.com/why-translators-are-promoting-premium-markets/>. [Last accessed on June 13, 2018].

Howe, J. (2006). “The Rise of Crowdsourcing”. WIRED, v. 14, n. 6, pp. 176–183. <https://www.wired.com/2006/06/crowds/>. [Last accessed on June 13, 2018].

Jiménez-Crespo, M. A. (2017a). Crowdsourcing and online collaborative translations: Expanding the limits of translation studies. Amsterdam: John Benjamins. (Benjamins translation library; 131).

Jiménez-Crespo, M. A. (2017b). "How much would you like to pay? Reframing and expanding the notion of translation quality through crowdsourcing and volunteer approaches", Perspectives: Studies in Translation Theory and Practice, v. 25, n. 3, pp. 478–491. <http://doi.org/10.1080/0907676X.2017.1285948>. [Last accessed on June 13, 2018].

Jiménez-Crespo, M. Á. (2016). "Mobile apps and translation crowdsourcing: The next frontier in the evolution of translation". Revista Tradumàtica: tecnologies de la traducció, n. 14, pp. 75–84. <http://doi.org/10.5565/rev/tradumatica.167>. [Last accessed on April 20, 2018].

Kenney, M. & Zysman, J. (2016). "The Rise of the Platform Economy". Issues in Science and Technology, v. 32, n. 3, pp. 61–68. <https://issues.org/the-rise-of-the-platform-economy/>. [Last accessed on April 20, 2018].

M & A Funding. (2018). Slator. <https://slator.com/ma-and-funding>. [Last accessed on April 19, 2018].

Mcdonough Dolmaya, J. (2012). "Analyzing the crowdsourcing model and its impact on public perceptions of translation". The Translator, v. 18, n. 2, pp. 167–191. <https://doi.org/10.1080/13556509.2012.10799507>. [Last accessed on April 19, 2018].

Moorkens, J. (2017). "Under pressure: Translation in times of austerity". Perspectives: Studies in Translation Theory and Practice, v. 25, n. 3, pp. 1–14. <http://doi.org/10.1080/0907676X.2017.1285331>. [Last accessed on April 19, 2018].

O'Hagan, M. (2009). "Evolution of user-generated translation: Fansubs, translation hacking and crowdsourcing". The Journal of Internationalisation and Localisation, I, pp. 94–121. <https://doi.org/10.1075/jial.1.04hag>. [Last accessed on April 19, 2018].

Olohan, M. & Davitti, E. (2015). "Dynamics of trusting in translation project management: Leaps of faith and balancing acts". Journal of Contemporary Ethnography, v. 46, n. 4, pp. 1–26. <http://doi.org/10.1177/0891241615603449>. [Last accessed on April 20, 2018].

One Hour Translation. (2018). Amazon selected One Hour Translation as key partner for Neural Machine Translation based solutions. CISION, Last updated: 16.04.18. <https://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/amazon-selected-one-hour-translation-as-key-partner-for-neural-machine-translation-based-solutions-300630280.html>. Last updated: 16.04.18. [Last accessed on April 20, 2018].

Parker, G. G.; Van Alstyne, M. W. & Sangeet, P. C. (2016). Platform revolution: How networked markets are transforming the economy and how to make them work for you. New York: W.W. Norton.

Rodríguez-Castro, M. (2013). "The project manager and virtual translation teams: Critical factors". Translation Spaces, v. 2 (January), pp. 37–62. <http://doi.org/10.1075/ts.2.03rod>. [Last accessed on April 19, 2018].

Sakamoto, A. (2017). "Professional translators' theorising patterns in comparison with classroom discourse on translation: The case of Japanese/English translators in the UK". Meta: Journal des traducteurs = Translators' Journal, v. 62, n. 2 (August), pp. 271–288. <http://doi.org/10.7202/1041024ar>. [Last accessed on April 20, 2018].

Sakamoto, A. & Foedisch, M. (2017). "No News Is Good News? The Role of Feedback in the Virtual-Team-Style Translation Production Network". Translation Spaces, v. 6, n. 2, pp. 333-352. <http://doi.org/10.1075/ts.6.2.08sak>. [Last accessed on April 19, 2018].

Sakamoto, A.; Rodríguez de Céspedes, B.; Berthaud, S. & Evans, J. (2017). When translation meets technologies : Language Service Providers (LSPs) in the digital age: Focus group report [commissioned report by the ITI]. Portsmouth: University of Portsmouth. <https://www.iti.org.uk/attachments/article/1087/Portsmouth%20Focus%20Group%20Report.pdf>. [Last accessed on April 19, 2018].

Srnicek, N. (2017). Platform capitalism. Cambridge: Polity. (Theory Redux).

Stepes. (2018). [Plataforma Stepes]. <https://www.stepes.com>. [Last accessed on April 19, 2018].

Wagner, R. K., & Sternberg, R. J. (1985). "Practical intelligence in real-world pursuits: The role of tacit knowledge". Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, v. 49, n. 2, pp. 436–458. <http://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.49.2.436>. [Last accessed on April 19, 2018].

Wisgo, J. Impressions as a new translator for Gengo. Gengo, Last updated: 11.07.17. <https://blog.gengo.com/impressions-as-a-new-translator-for-gengo/>. [Last accessed on June 13, 2018].

Biografia de l'autor/a

Akiko Sakamoto, 朴茨茅斯大学 (University of Portsmouth）

Akiko Sakamoto is senior lecturer in translation studies and Japanese language at the University of Portsmouth, UK. She holds a PhD in translation studies from the University of Leicester, UK. Her research interests include sociology of translation, particularly the influence of technology on translation practitioners and users, pedagogy of translation and translation theories. She previously worked as an English – Japanese translator.