Aproximación cognitiva a lo fantástico como vínculo: la teoría de las apercepciones. Definición y aplicaciones en relatos de Julio Cortázar, Jorge Luis Borges y Ángel Olgoso
Resumen
Con este trabajo desarrollamos y damos a conocer una nueva teoría de lo fantástico denominada teoría de las apercepciones. Teniendo en cuenta las investigaciones de las ciencias cognitivas de las últimas décadas, sobre todo las relacionadas con la simulación encarnada, las neuronas espejo y el espacio de intersubjetividad, definimos lo fantástico como el vínculo que puede surgir de un desfase de las apercepciones como anomalía, alteración o transgresión de al menos uno de los niveles cognitivos y hermenéuticos que operan en cada experiencia narrativa.
El enfoque cognitivo permite asimismo superar las críticas sobre lo fantástico como posible género literario autónomo o como modalidad narrativa que se implanta sobre distintos tipos de narración, mientras que cobra importancia el grado de profundidad del vínculo fantástico entre las apercepciones del lector y el texto. A tal fin, presentamos un posible esquema analítico de investigación de textos narrativos.
Palabras clave
fantástico, ciencias cognitivas, apercepciones, simulación encarnada, intersubjetividadCitas
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