Las políticas activas de empleo en el marco de las políticas de empleo
Resumen
En este trabajo desarrollamos una conceptualización de las políticas activas de empleo como un subconjunto de las políticas de empleo. A partir de una revisión de la literatura, elaboramos una tipología de herramientas usadas en los diseños de las políticas activas de empleo y repasamos dos procedimientos para la conformación de grupos diana en estas políticas. Atendiendo a sus herramientas, obtenemos cuatro tipos de políticas activas de empleo según sus objetivos y medios: servicios de búsqueda de empleo, formación de adultos, subvenciones al empleo y subvenciones a la movilidad geográfica. Atendiendo a la creación de grupos diana, describimos un procedimiento basado en la estimación del efecto de las intervenciones y otro procedimiento fundamentado en la predicción del estado del desempleado al cabo de un año. Una delimitación más precisa de las políticas activas de empleo como la que presentamos permitiría una comparación más consistente de evaluaciones de impacto y facilitaría la transferencia de conocimiento.
Palabras clave
Políticas activas de empleo, Políticas de empleo, Evaluación de políticas, Políticas públicasCitas
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