Traducció automàtica augmentada i centrada en les persones: anàlisi de l’experiència d’usuari, la qualitat i la productivitat en la postedició interactiva en comparació amb la postedició tradicional
Resum
Els avenços recents en tecnologies del llenguatge han alterat la professió de la traducció. Tradicionalment, tant la recerca com la indústria s’han centrat en l’ús de més potència computacional i en l’entrenament de models lingüístics més grans, sovint passant per alt els usuaris d’aquestes tecnologies. Fins ara, l’objectiu del desenvolupament tecnològic ha estat la creació d’un agent intel·ligent que emuli el comportament humà per augmentar l’automatització. Com a resposta, recentment ha guanyat presència un nou marc de disseny tecnològic: la intel·ligència artificial centrada en les persones (HCAI), en què, en lloc de substituir els humans, l’objectiu és alinear el desenvolupament de les eines amb els valors, les preferències i les necessitats dels usuaris i, alhora, augmentar-ne les capacitats i millorar-ne el rendiment. Si s’aplica a la traducció automàtica (TA), podem parlar de traducció automàtica augmentada i centrada en les persones (HCAMT). Aquest canvi, que passa de l’emulació a l’empoderament, situa les persones al centre de la IA i de les tecnologies del llenguatge. Aquest article considera l’anàlisi de l’experiència d’usuari en traducció automàtica (MTUX) com una via per fomentar la HCAMT. Per demostrar-ho, duem a terme un estudi longitudinal amb 11 traductors professionals en la combinació lingüística anglès–espanyol per analitzar els efectes de la postedició tradicional (TPE) i de la postedició interactiva (IPE) sobre l’MTUX, la qualitat de la traducció i la productivitat. Els resultats de MTUX suggereixen que els traductors prefereixen la IPE a la TPE perquè senten que tenen més control sobre la interacció en aquesta forma més recent d’interacció traductor–ordinador i se senten més empoderats en la seva relació amb la TA. Els resultats de productivitat també indiquen que els traductors que treballen amb IPE informen d’una productivitat significativament més alta, a efectes estadístics, que quan treballen amb TPE. Pel que fa a la qualitat, els resultats indiquen igualment que els traductors ofereixen traduccions més fluides amb IPE i traduccions igualment adequades en ambdues modalitats de postedició. Tots aquests resultats permeten reflexionar sobre la possible adopció de la IPE com una modalitat de TA per a la postedició més centrada en les persones, que empodera els usuaris, cada vegada més reticents a interactuar amb la postedició de TA en els fluxos de treball de la indústria. L’article també estableix les bases per explorar la HCAMT entre usuaris de TA més enllà dels traductors professionals, obrint la porta a una recerca en TA centrada en l’usuari més inclusiva i diversa.
Paraules clau
IA centrada en humans, experiència d'usuari, tecnologies de la traducció, interacció humà-ordinador, postedició, potenciacióReferències
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