Redes de innovación y capital social: análisis de apego, enlace e interface en la agricultura
Resumen
La estructura de relaciones sociales juega un papel crucial en el aprendizaje, difusión de innovaciones y construcción de capital social en la agricultura, tanto al interior de las comunidades (bonding) como al exterior (bridging y linking), por lo cual, es deseable construir este tipo de vínculos. El objetivo fue analizar el patrón de los vínculos sociales de los productores y su influencia en la gestión del capital social, la adopción de innovaciones y su impacto en la producción agrícola. Se aplicó una encuesta a 28,233 productores de maíz en México. Se construyeron redes de aprendizaje mediante matrices de afiliación y se calculó el indicador de nodo de radialidad. Los hallazgos revelaron que solo el 3% de los productores gestionan efectivamente las tres formas de capital social (bonding, bridging y linking) obtienen rendimientos superiores al promedio (p ≤ 0.05) de hasta 1.8 t ha-1, en comparación con aquellos que no reportan acceso a ninguna forma de capital social. Además, se identificó una asociación positiva entre la adopción de innovaciones y las distintas formas de capital social. Se concluye que en la extensión agrícola debe fomentar la construcción de capacidades relacionales para mejorar la gestión en la producción agrícola.
Palabras clave
Redes de aprendizaje, Adopción de innovaciones, Análisis de redes sociales, Extensión agrícola, Radialidad, Sistemas de innovación agrícolaCitas
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Derechos de autor 2026 Juan Salvador Jiménez Carrasco, Citlalli Melissa Segura-Salazar, Julio Díaz-José, Roberto Rendón-Medel
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