Dinàmiques transnacionals intrapartidistes a les reformes democràtiques europees
El cas dels europartits
Resum
Un dels elements centrals del dèficit democràtic de la Unió Europea (UE) és la manca d’una autèntica competència política supranacional. Alguns processos pretenien mitigar aquests efectes, com ara la introducció dels Spitzenkandidaten (SK) i la possibilitat de crear Llistes Transnacionals (TL) per a les eleccions al Parlament Europeu (PE). Aquests processos anirien acompanyats d'un enfortiment del paper dels partits polítics europeus (d'ara endavant, europartits), com les úniques federacions transnacionals de partits capaços de mobilitzar els seus membres nacionals en decisions més enllà del PE. Els europartits podrien així promoure candidats transnacionals a les institucions europees i esdevenir veritables partits polítics a nivell de la UE. Tot i això, els europartits són organitzacions heterogènies de partits nacionals, on la dinàmica ideològica d'aquests partits transnacionals pot estar subjecta a dissidència partidària, amb posicions diferenciades sobre la democràcia europea durant les eleccions de la UE. Adoptant un model d'organització partidària de principal agent, l'objectiu d'aquesta investigació és analitzar quins efectes han tingut les dinàmiques internes dels europartits en la creació d'una posició comuna sobre els SK i les TL. Amb base a l'evidència dels europartits, suggerim que la dissidència intrapartidària supranacional és baixa respecte a les reformes democràtiques de la UE.
Paraules clau
Democràcia europea, Dinàmica intrapartidista, Europartits, Dèficit democràtic, Eleccions europees, Faccionisme competitiuReferències
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Drets d'autor (c) 2024 Diogo Ferreira
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