Una sorpresa en Passat: els orígens històrics del català anar-passat
Resum
El desenvolupament del verb de moviment go en un temps verbal de futur es un procés de gramaticalització comú des d’un punt de vista comparatiu. En canvi, es inesperat que en català la perifrasis amb el verb go+infinitiu adquireixi un sentit de temps passat. Segons Detges (2004) el procés de gramaticalització del passat perifràstic va començar amb un significat incoatiu, llavors va passar a ser usat per ressaltar o destacar esdeveniments i finalment va adquirir el significat de passat. Nosaltres comparem les dades del Corpus informatitzat del Català antic amb el sicilià modern, on s’usa una perifrasi del verb go amb una funció molt semblant a la del català antic com a eina per a ressaltar esdeveniments. La comparació així confirma l’ús de ressaltament però no aporta cap prova d’un origen en un ús incoatiu. Davant d’aquests fets, proposem que la gramaticalització de moviment a ressalt no requereix una etapa intermèdia d’incoatiu. Més aviat, creiem que aquesta gramaticalització resulta d’una implicatura modal de sorpresa que estava associada a la construcció. En efecte, la funció de go de ressaltar esdeveniments com a sorprenents o destacables es pot comprendre com a un moviment que s’allunya de les expectatives del parlant. En aquest ús, la perifrasi catalana va ser emprada per a presentar esdeveniments sorprenents del passat. Un cop perdut aquest significat addicional de sorpresa, la referencia al passat es va generalitzar més enllà d’aquesta implicatura.
Paraules clau
gramaticalització, mirativitat, verb de moviment, perfet de passat, català antic, siciliàReferències
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Drets d'autor (c) 2022 Silvio Cruschina, Anna Kocher
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